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Tooth Fracture
Tooth fracture occurs due to traumatic injuries to the teeth and oral structures.
Etiology
The Extent of trauma can be assessed by 4 Factors given by Hallet in 1954
- Energy of Impact
- Resilience of Impacting Object
- Shape of Impacting Object
- Direction of impacting force
ASSESSMENT OF TOOTH FRACTURE
Classification
Some interesting points to know!!
Higher prevalence for tooth fracture:-
- Permanent dentition > deciduous dentition
- Males > females
- Upper jaw > lower jaw
- Upper central incisors > other teeth
- Most accident prone age for Primary dentition: 1-3 yrs.
- Most accident prone age for Permanent dentition: 8-12 yrs.
Luxation without Displacement
MCQS
1. Identify the type of Ellis fracture?
a) Type I
b) Type II
c) Type IV
d) Type III
Ans: D
Explanation: - fracture involving enamel, dentin & pulp. Blood stains are visible; tenderness will be present – Type III
b) Type II
c) Type IV
d) Type III
Ans: D
Explanation: - fracture involving enamel, dentin & pulp. Blood stains are visible; tenderness will be present – Type III
2. Identify the type of tooth fracture?
a) Type I
b) Type II
c) Type IV
d) Type VI
Ans: D
Explanation: - Root fracture with or without crown fracture Type VI
b) Type II
c) Type IV
d) Type VI
Ans: D
Explanation: - Root fracture with or without crown fracture Type VI
3. After the trauma of permanent maxillary central incisor, metallic sound is heard on percussion, this is due to …….
a) Subluxation
b) Intrusion
c) Extrusion
d) Concussion
Explanation: - Displacement of the tooth into the alveolar bone accompanied by fracture of alveolar socket and metallic sound is heard on percussion indicative of Intrusion.
b) Intrusion
c) Extrusion
d) Concussion
Explanation: - Displacement of the tooth into the alveolar bone accompanied by fracture of alveolar socket and metallic sound is heard on percussion indicative of Intrusion.
4. Orthodontic extrusion of intruded permanent incisor can prevent
a) Replacement resorptionb) Calcification
c) Extraction
d) Non-vitality
Explanation: -Replacement resorption or osseous replacement is a type of ankyloses where the tooth is replaced by bone .when orthodontic treatment should be initiated as soon as possible, delaying no more than 2-3 weeks post trauma, failure of which may result in replacement resorption.
5. Stunned pulp is
a) Pulp doesn’t respond for 6-8 weeks after traumab) Gives stunning appearance on x-ray
c) Necrosed pulp
d) Hyperaemic pulp
Explanation: -Immediately after trauma, the vitality test may be negative as the pulp is stunned. The nerve bundles which are paralysed doesn’t respond to electric pulp.
