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1. All of these are markers of septicemia except?
- Procalcitonin
- CRP
- TLC>10,000
- D Dimer
ANSWER d
CRP and PCT are both useful markers of sepsis but PCT increases earlier, better differentiates infective from non-infective causes of inflammation, more closely correlates with sepsis severity in terms of shock and organ dysfunction and better predicts outcome when followed in time.
Altered body temperature, elevated pulse rate, elevated respiratory rate and abnormal white blood cell count.
2. Age changes in PDL?
- Scalloping of cementum and bone
- Increase in size of cells
- Increase in no of cells
- Decrease in no of cells
ANSWER d
AGE CHANGES IN PDL
- Increase in the collagen fibrosis & decrease in cellularity (Grant & Bernick 1972).
- Areas of hyalinization are present.
- Sporadic mineralization of the fibers also occurs.
- Decrease in the no of periodontal fibers (Grant et al 1973).
- Decrease in the cellularity & the formation of multinucleated fibroblasts.
- Decrease in collagen synthesis (Johnson et al 1986).
- The surfaces of the periodontal alveolar bone are jagged & uneven & an irregular insertion of fibers is seen.
- Replacement of some of the PDL space by interstitial areas & fat cells.
- Structural organization of the ligament degenerates with age.
3. Blurred and narrow IAN canal is seen when?
- canal passing between 2 roots
- roots perforated by canal
- canal superimposed
- None of the above
ANSWER a
4.Which of these are the most radiosensitive cells?
- RBC, muscle, nerve
- WBC, bone, endothelium
- Muscle, nerve, bone
- Erythroblasts, osteoblast, spermatogonia
ANSWER d
Rapidly proliferating non-differentiated cells are the most radiosensitive.
Radiosensitivity is the relative susceptibility of cells, tissues, organs, organisms or other substances to the injurious action of radiation. It has been found that the cell radiosensitivity is directly proportional to the rate of division and inversely proportional to the degree of cell differentiation.
The cells in the bone marrow are undifferentiated, well nourished, dividing quickly and highly active metabolically and hence are the most radiosensitive cells of the body.
Hemopoeitic cells are also radiosensitive.
5. Normal CSF has all these except?
- high glucose
- high protein
- tramline appearance
- B2 transferrin
ANSWER a
