EROSION

• This is the loss of tooth substance  by a non- bacterial chemical process.

ETIOLOGY

CLINICAL  FEATURES

• broad, shallow, saucer –shaped defects involving  enamel  & dentin.
• The surface of  erosion  lesions  appears  smooth   &
• Many teeth are affected, usually maxillary anteriors.
• Symptoms; loss of enamel usually  causes  hypersensitivity .

ABRASION

• Is the pathological wearing away of teeth  due  to  abnormal processes, habits or  abrasive

ETIOLOGY

• use of  a  hard  toothbrush,  an  abrasive  dentifrice  &  improper  brushing  techniques  are  the  important
• Abnormal habits  like  biting  a pipe stem, biting  finger  nails, opening  bobby  pins  are  also
• Abrasive particles in food

CLINICAL  FEATURES

• Present as  notched  or  ‘v’ shaped  defects  involving  the cervical  enamel  &
• Typical toothbrush  abrasions  are  unilateral  [left  side  for  right  handers].
• Canines &  premolars  are  most
• Exhibit sharp margins  &  sharp  internal
• Symptoms; sensitivity.

ABFRACTION

• Pathologic loss  of  tooth  substance  due  to  biomechanical  loading  forces  that  result  in  flexure  &  ultimate  fatigue  of  enamel  &  dentin  at  a  location  away  from loading.

ETIOLOGY

• Recent advances  suggests  that   occlusal  stresses  have  an  important  to  play  in the  development  of  non-carious  lesions, esp. In  patients  parafunctional
• Teeth flex  or blend  when  subjected  to  excessive  occlusal  forces  & the point  of  is  the  cervical  area.
• Tensile forces  produced   as  a  result  weaken  the  bonds  b/n  the  cervical  enamel  hydroxyapetite  leading   to  cracks in the cervical enamel.
• Eventually there  is  loss  of  tooth  tissue  in  this  area  producing  non-carious  tooth
• Occlusal

CLINICAL  FEATURES

• Appear  as  wedge-shaped  defects  with  sharp  margins  &  sharp  internal
• In the initial stages  the  enamel  surface  is  rough  &  shows  striations  or
• In the later  stages  as  the  defect  progresses  deeper  in  dentin  2  or  more  grooves  may  be  visible  on  the

ATTRITION

• Is the  physiologic  wearing  away  of  teeth  b’coz  of  tooth-to-tooth  contact, as in

Types;

• Physiological attrition; due to  normal  aging  process,  due to
• Pathological attrition; abnormalities in  occlusion,  chewing  pattern  or  due  to  some  structural   defects in

ETIOLOGY

• Abnormal
• Abnormal chewing
• Occupation; workers exposed  to  abrasive dust.
• Structural defect; amelogenesis imperfecta  &  dentinogenesis

CLINICAL  FEATURES

• Site; occlusal, incisal  &  proximal  surfaces  of
• Appearance; small  polished  facet  on  a  cusp  tip or  ridge  &  slight  flattening  of  an  incisal

CLINICAL  MANAGEMENT  OF  NON-CARIOUS  LESIONS

• Non –carious lesions require  clinical  attention  if  any  of  the  following  factors  exist;

1. Tooth sensitivity; Exposure  to  dentin in the  cervical  area  result in  dentin
2. Compromised aesthetics; loss  of  tooth  structure  in  the  cervical  area  produce  an  unesthetic  appearance    In the  anterior  region.
3. Risk of  tooth  fracture; deep, wedge-shaped lesions  in  the  cervical  area  increase  the  risk  of  tooth  fracture  due  to  low  strength  at  this

4.Pulpal  damage;  deep  lesions  likely  to  result  in  irreversible  pulpitis  & pulpal  death.

5.Caries;  favour  plaque  accumulation  which  lead  to  the  development  of  caries.

6.Poor  periodontal  health;  The  gingiva  may  be irritated  & inflamed  due  to  non-carious  cervical  lesions.

TREATMENT

1. Dentin desensitization
2. Restorations
3. Endodontic therapy
4. Periodontal therapy