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1. Most frequency occurring value is
- Mean
- Median
- Mode
- Standard error
ANSWER c
The MODE is the value that appears most often in a set of data values.
- The Mode in statistics means the value of items in distribution having the highest frequency. Moreover, it can be determined using manual observation.
- It represents the most real data available for interpretation in a distribution of data sets.
- It is best to know the errors in sample collection for a particular type of data set as multiple the most common value can indicate erroneous sample collection. One can also use it in inventory management and ecommerce websites to know the most bought product.
- A distribution with data sets of different categories can have bi-modal or multi-modal values.
2. In a population in which the standard deviation is expected to be low keeping the sample small will
- Give adequate precision
- Increases standard error
- Not be representative of population
- Standard deviation more than expected
ANSWER a
3. Medical ethics in genetic counselling involved all except
- Beneficence
- Confidentiality
- Informed consent
- Directive guidance
ANSWER d
Medical ethics is an applied branch of ethics which analyzes the practice of clinical medicine and related scientific research. Medical ethics is based on a set of values that professionals can refer to in the case of any confusion or conflict.
The Fundamental Principles of Ethics
- Beneficence. ...
- No maleficence. ...
- Autonomy. ...
- Informed Consent. ...
- Truth-Telling. ...
- Confidentiality. ...
- Justice.
There are several codes of conduct. The Hippocratic Oath discusses basic principles for medical professionals. This document dates back to the fifth century BCE. Both The Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and The Nuremberg Code (1947) are two well-known and well respected documents contributing to medical ethics.
4. When analysing a small sample with two groups of variable with values independent of each other which test should be used
- Fischer’s test
- Fischer’s Z test
- Paired T test
- Unpaired T test
ANSWER d
The unpaired t-test is used to make a statement about the population based on two independent samples. To make this statement, the mean value of the two samples is compared. If the difference in means is large enough, it is assumed that the two groups differ.
How does the unpaired t-test works?
- The unpaired t-test puts the mean difference in relation to the standard error of the mean.
- The standard error of the mean indicates how much the mean value scatter, it indicates how far the sample mean of the data is likely to be from the true population mean.
- If the fluctuation of the mean value is large, this is an indication that a large difference in the mean values of the two groups is very likely, even by chance.
Therefore, the larger the mean difference in the two groups is and the smaller the standard error of the mean, the less likely it is that the given mean difference in the two samples is due to chance.
5. A child administration dose of vitamin A routinely is an example of
- Health promotion
- Specific protection
- Primodial prevention
- Disability limitation
ANSWER b
Modes of intervention
- Health promotion
- Specific protection
- Early diagnosis and prompt treatment
- Disability limitation
- Rehabilitation
Specific protection refers to precise actions taken to protect against the development of particular disease conditions, and includes vaccination, chemoprophylaxis, etc
