Biostatistics Part 1 NEET MDS

It is the method of collection, organizing, analyzing, tabulating & interpretation of data related to biological science
Data: A collective recording of observations either numerical or non numerical
2 types

Quantitative

Discrete
Continuous

Qualitative

Categorical
Attributes or qualities

	Quantitative Data / Numerical Data
	Discrete	Continuous
Definition	When the observation in question can only take certain numerical values Whole Numbers	Obtained by some form of measurements Fraction / Decimals
Example	Counts of events No of children	Blood pressure Periodontal Pocket depth

Scales of measurement	Definition	Example
Nominal Scale	Categorical data and numbers that are simply used as identifiers or names represent a nominal scale of measurement. Its qualitative in nature	Religion Race Sex
Ordinal Scale	Clearly order the categories Provides ranking to the variables	SES Ranks
Interval Scale	A scale which represents quantity and has equal units but for which zero represents simply an additional point of measurement The interval scale is quantitative	temperature IQ
Ratio Scale	It has all the characteristics of the interval scale assume as a true or absolute 0	BMI

Graphical representation of data

Variable	Table	To Represent..
Quantitative variables	Simple Table	Descriptive Stats
Qualitative variables	Simple Table Contingency Table	Descriptive Stats Association

Variable

Graph

To Represent.

Quantitative Variables

Frequency Curve

To check normality

Line Diagram

To compare groups

Scatter Diagram

To find relationship b/w 2 variables

Qualitative Variables

Bar Diagram

To compare groups (with numbers)

Pictogram

To compare groups (with symbols)

Pie Diagram

To compare frequency

Spatial Data

Map Diagram

To compare Prevalence / Incidence / Deaths

Descriptive Statistics

MCQS

1. Ranking students from the individuals which the highest grade – point average to the lowest is an example of a

a) Ordinal scale
b) Nominal Scale
c) Interval scale
d) Ratio scale

2. When variables are not measured, which of the following is used to be represented?

a) Variation
b) Ordinal
c) Nominal
d) Ratio

3. Which of the following is not a measure of central tendency

a) Mean
b) Mode
c) Range
d) median

Quantitative

Qualitative

Graphical representation of data

Descriptive Statistics

MCQS

1. Ranking students from the individuals which the highest grade – point average to the lowest is an example of a

2. When variables are not measured, which of the following is used to be represented?

3. Which of the following is not a measure of central tendency

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