1. Bone loss associated with trauma from occlusion is;

A. notching
B. vertical
C. horizontal
D. cystic

Answer:B
Radiographic features of TFO
• Trauma from occlusion produces radiographicaly detectable changes in the lamina dura, periodontal ligament spaces, morphology of alveolar crest, and density of surrounding bone.
• These changes include : – Increased width of periodontal space, often with thickening of lamina dura along the lateral aspect of root, in the apical region and in the bifurcation areas.
– A “vertical” rather than horizontal destruction of interdental septum.
– Widening of periodontal ligament space at the crest, giving a funnel-shaped appearance and angular defects during adaptive remodeling stage.
– Root resorption is seen.

2. Clinical signs of occlusal trauma include all except;

A. periodontal pockets
B. migration of teeth
C. tenderness on percussion
D. increased width of periodontal ligament

Answer: A
Trauma from occlusion(TFO) is injury to the periodontal tissue as a result of occlusal forces. Mobility is a common clinical sign of occlusal trauma. In acute occlusal trauma, this may be accomanied by pain, tenderness to percussion, thermal sensitivity, and pathologic tooth migration. Chronic occlusal trauma may be marked by excessive wear and gingival recession. Radiographic finding include a widened periodontal ligament space, radiolucence and condensation of the alveolar bone and root resorption. TFO is related to the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. It can cause increased tooth mobility TFO itself does not initate or aggravate marginal gingivitis or initiate periodontal pockets. Active trauma can accelerate bone loss, pocket formation and gingival recession depending on the presence of local irritants and inflammation

3. Trauma from occlusion leads to all except?

A. Tooth Mobility
B. Infrabony Pocket
C. Angular Bone Loss
D. Widening of Periodontal ligament

Answer:B
Changes produced by primary trauma do not alter the level of connective tissue attachment and do not initiate pocket formation. This is probably because the supracrestal gingival fibers are not affected and therefore prevent apical migration of the junctional epithelium.

4. Greater occlusal pressure on the periodontium produces:

A. Increased resorption of alveolar bone and formation of cementum.
B. A gradation of changes in periodontal ligament starting with tension of fibers which produce areas of fibrosis.
C. Injury to fibroblasts and other connective tissue cells lead to necrosis of areas of the ligament.
D. Disintegration of blood vessels within 30 minutes.

Answer: c

5. Buttressing bone formation is a;

A. congenital abnormality
B. occurs endosteally
C. occurs periosteally
D. due to trauma from occlusion

Answer D
hen bone is resorbed by excessive occlusal forces, the body attempts to reinforce the thinned bone with new bone. This attempt to compensate for lost bone is called buttressing bone formation and is an important feature associated with TFO.
• Buttressing bone formation occurs within the jaw (central buttressing) and on the bone surface (peripheral buttressing).
• In central buttressing the endosteal cells deposit new bone, which restores the bony trabeculae and reduces the size of the marrow spaces.
• Peripheral buttressing occurs on the facial and lingual surfaces of the alveolar plate.
• Depending on its severity, peripheral buttressing may produce a shelflike thickening of the alveolar margin, referred to as “lipping”, or a pronounced bulge in the contour of the facial and lingual bone.

6.In response to traumatic occlusal forces ,alveolar bone has

A. Osteoblasts in areas of tension and osteoclasts in areas of pressure
B. Osteoclasts in areas of tension and osteoblasts in areas of pressure
C. Osteoid in areas of tension and osteoblasts in areas of pressure
D. Afunctional atrophy

Answer:A

7.In jiggling type of trauma , the occlusal force cause

A. Funnel shaped destruction of socket wall
B. Distinct pressure and tension sides within periodontal ligament
C. No changes in socket wall
D. Has no effect on the periodontal ligament space

Answer:A
Jiggling type trauma :
• Jiggling forces are intermittent type of forces subjected to tooth or teeth in more than one direction, such as in case of premature contacts (crowns/high fillings).
• Combined pressure and tension zones result from jiggling
• Zones are characterized by collagen resorption, bone resorption, and cementum resorption.
• Signs of increased vascularity or exudation.
• Tooth shows progressive mobility.
• Ligament space gradually adjusts to new situation.
• No attachment loss!
• Increased tooth mobility
• Occlusal adjustment normalizes the width of the periodontal ligament.
• Teeth are stabilized and regain normal mobility

8. when occlusal forces are increased the cancellous boney trabeculae?

A. Increase in number and thickness
B. decrease in number and thickness
C. decrease in number and increase thickness
D. remains the same

answer:A

9. Intrabony defects are;

A. one walled defects
B. two walled defects
C. three walled defects
D. combination of above

Answer C

10.the type of load on teeth that is most destructive to the periodontium is

A. Vertical
B. Oblique
C. Horizontal
D. Apical

Answer:C